LETTERS 151 ARCHAEOLOGY FRONTIERS                INFORMATION AND STUDY GUIDE 2009

-     Please ensure all written work (abstracts etc for those who missed the field trip) is submitted to Dr. Buxton by December 17^th at 5pm. No work will be accepted after this time.

-     Our final exam is from 8am-11am on December 18^th 2009 in Edwards Auditorium.

-     You must arrive by 8.00 am to start the exam so please anticipate traffic and weather delays and plan to arrive early. Anyone who thinks they may be more than a few minutes late for a university-sanctioned reason must make formal arrangements with Dr. Buxton ahead of time, or you may be refused entry to the exam.

-     In the event of a snow cancellation the exam will be moved to December 22 or 23^rd.

-     Dr. Buxton will be leaving the USA on December 19^th until January 8^th. During this time, any urgent questions related to the exam or the class should be directed to Dr. Krieger (Philosophy).

-     The final exam will consist of 35 multiple choice questions selected from the following list of questions; the questions below may be slightly rephrased to suit the multiple choice format but the knowledge required to answer correctly will be the same.

-     All of these questions and topics have already been assigned in some form for individual lectures and readings during the course of the semester. It is therefore assumed that you have had ample opportunity to consider possible answers, and that you possess the relevant lecture notes and readings or have taken responsibility for obtaining the information requested by visiting office hours etc. Accordingly, please DO NOT contact faculty in L151 asking for answers to any of these questions, as we will simply direct you back to your own notes and readings.

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1.      What distinguishes an Antiquarian from an Archaeologist?

2.      What was the most significant archaeological discovery associated with Napoleon's Egyptian expedition?

3.      Which of the following was NOT one of the significant contributions of Francois Auguste Ferdinand Mariette to the early history of Egyptian Archaeology?

4.      What evidence did archaeologists discover that suggested Pompeii was 'a city in flight,' already abandoned by most of its population at the time of the eruption?

5.      Legend tells that Ubar was destroyed by the 'wrath of god' – but what does the archaeology of Ubar reveal about the reasons for its sudden destruction?

6.      What role did satellite technology play in the rediscovery of Ubar?

7.      What two legends about the ancient temple of Diktynna in Crete might have encouraged German archaeologists to excavate there in 1942?

8.      What is Forensic Archaeology?

9.      What is taphonomy?

10.    What is pseudoarchaeology?

11. Which of the following is an example of socially harmful pseudoarchaeology?

12.    Why is the complete excavation of the Tektas Burnu shipwreck important for our understanding of ancient chronologies in the Mediterranean?

13.    What did the shipwrecks of Kizilburun reveal about ancient Mediterranean seafaring?

14.    What kind of information about ancient ship design may be found at a deepwater Black Sea shipwreck site like “Sinop D” that is not typically found anywhere else in the archaeological record?

15.    How did Gertrude Bell’s work affect archaeological projects in Iraq?

16.    What do archaeologists mean when they speak of the “seven cities of Troy”?

17.    What archaeological principle does the concept of the seven cities of Troy represent?

18.    What questions of gender roles are presented by Minoan artifacts and images?

19.    What important precedent was set in the agreement German excavators signed with the Greek government for permission to excavate at Olympia?

20.    What kinds of votives, or offerings to the gods, were dedicated at Olympia?

21.    How did the accepted view of the past differ before 1700 and after 1859?

22.    Recent advancements in scientific technology have contributed to our understanding of Neanderthals. Which of the following is an example of this?

23.    Early Europeans in the Americas did not believe that the Native Americans built the large mounds found in the Ohio and Mississippi Valleys. Why?

24.    Vance Haynes outlined 3 criteria for evaluating potential pre-Clovis sites. Which of the following is NOT one of his criteria?

25.    What archaeological evidence indicated that the slaves at the Hermitage and the Middleburg Plantation may not have been well fed by the plantation owners?

26.    What did archaeological research reveal about the Columbia River fishery?

27.    How did the finding of a 1500 year old Double-crested Cormorant rookery on Lopez Island, Washington help inform the current management of the species?

28.    What did we learn about Otzi (the Iceman) from his one remaining fingernail?

29.    How does role of the ‘perfect archaeologist’ of Petrie’s day compare to the contemporary archaeologist in Israel?

30     Which answer below best defines the concept of relative dating?

31.    Which answer below best defines the concept of absolute dating?

32.    Which of the following is an important archaeological consequence of NAGPRA?

33.    Which of the following is an important archaeological consequence of UNESCO 1970?

34.    What are the Elgin marbles?

35.    Where was the Euphronios krater until 2008?

36.    What is partage?

37.    In what region(s) of the world does Brian Fagan think that the most spectacular
new archaeological discoveries of the next fifty years will be made?

38.    Which of the following technologies has taken archaeology into a new frontier?

39.    Identify which of the following social factors or processes contributed most to the loss of the Lucerne.

40.    How did the transition from a commercial to an industrial frontier affect the lives of men serving on Great Lakes schooners?

41.    What is the possible significance of ‘site 82’?

42.    Which shipwreck(s) have been raised in their entirety?

43.    What is the historical significance of the Mary Rose?

44. Why are so many people interested in the wreck of the USS Monitor?

45. What was the major cargo of the Serce Liman medieval ship?

46.    What are the three main categories of pseudoarchaeology?

47.    What was the traditional hypothesis for how people first colonized the Americas?

48.    What evidence was found at Mound 72 at Cahokia?

49.    What was the main purpose of Himmler's 'Ahnenerbe Society'?

50.    What critical evidence did Wasson, Hofmann, and Ruck use to try to convince us that a hallucinogenic drug must have been used at the Eleusinian Mysteries?

51.    Why do modern scholars think that the "Mask of Agamemnon" is a forgery?

52.    Why do scholars now want to call Knossos and structures like it a "court complex" instead of a "palace"?

53.    Which aspect of the modern Olympics listed below was NOT part of the ancient Olympics?

54.    What is the main claim to fame of Jean-Francois Champollion?

55.    Who were the Assyrians?

56.    Who was Imhotep, who lived in the time of Pharaoh Djoser (Zoser)?

57.    Why do the writings of Thucydides represent a milestone in the evolution of an ‘archaeological consciousness'?

58.    What made palace steamers truly “frontier” vessels?

59.    Which of the following is an example of a signature of human behavior that can be found on shipwreck site?

60.    Which of the following stories is associated with the Pharaoh Tuthmosis?