Sources of Direct Evidence of Student Learning
The following list contains information about different types of direct sources of evidence. Direct measures directly evaluate student work, providing evidence about student learning based on student performance that demonstrates the learning itself.
- Archival records
- Behavioral observations of students performing a task
- Competence interviews
- Comprehensive examinations
- Conference presentations
- Culminating project (capstone projects, senior theses, senior exhibits, senior dance performance)
- Embedded assignments, course activities, tests/quizzes
- Employer/supervisor direct evaluations of student performance
- External examiner
- Licensing and professional examinations
- Locally developed examinations
- Oral examinations/presentations
- Performance appraisals
- Portfolios
- Practica and internships
- Pre-test/Post-test evaluations
- Projects
- Published examinations (commerial, norm-references, standardized)
- Scoring rubrics
- Simulations
- Student publications
- Thesis/Dissertations
- Videotape or audiotape evaluations