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Scenes from the University of Rhode Island

Indirect Sources of Evidence of Student Learning

The following list contains information about different types of indirect sources of evidence. Indirect measures provide evidence about how students feel about learning and their learning environment rather than actual demonstrations of outcome achievement.

  • End-of-course evaluations or mid-semester course evaluations
  • Enrollment in higher degree programs
  • Focus groups
  • Institutional/program research data
  • Interviews
  • Job placement data
  • Reflective Essays
  • Surveys/questionnaires (student, alumni, employer)