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University of Rhode Island GreenShare Factsheets


Cacti and Succulents

Cacti
(thickened stems covered with prominent spines;
usually devoid of leaves)

Aporocactus flagelliformis Rat-tail cactus; easily identified by its slender, creeping form and small ubiquitous reddish spines
Astrophytum the "Star" caci or "Bishop's Caps"
Cephalocereus senilis the popular "Old Man" cactus; has a spiny body covered with long, silver-white hairs
Chamaecereus silvestri "Peanut" cactus; its numerous branches protructing from base are covered with rows of soft bristle-like white spines
Echinocereus the "Hedgehog" cacti; several varieties of these small, rounded cacti are available, all noted for their large, colorful flowers
Epiphyllum the "Orchid" cacti; almost epiphytic with a vigorous growth habit and large day-blooming flowers
Ferocactus the "Barrel" or "Fishhook" cacti; all are barrel-shaped with vicious hooked spines
Mammillaria a large group often referred to as the "Pin Cusion" or "Wart" cacti; two notables: "Old Lady" cactus (M. hahniana) and "Golden Stars" (M. elongata)
Notocactus the "Ball" cacti; probably the easiest to grow and most reliable in flowering. Many available varieties.
Opuntia the "Prickly Pears" or Pad cacti; "Bunny Ears" (O. microdasys), Cinnamon cactus (O.rufida) and "Irish Mittens" (O. vulgaris) are the most popular of this large genera of cacti.
Parodia "Tom Thumb" cactus; a small, flattened globe cactus, it is a reliable form in a home environment
Rebutia the "Crown" or "Pigmy" cacti; these dwarf forms are prized for their unusually large flowers in the spring.
Rhipsalidopsis Easter cactus; an epiphyte knwon for its compact, shrubby growth habit and beautiful showy flowers in the early spring
Schlumbergera Christmas cactus (S. bridgesii); an epiphyte easily identified by its flattened, leaf-like jointed branches with scalloped edges. Plant blooms during the winter months (short days).
Trichocereus Torch cacti; columnar in growth with small spines atached to its closely-ribbed body
Zygocactus Crab or Thanksgiving cactus (Z. truncactus); an epiphyte similar in form to Christmas cactus (S. bridgesii), but blooms 3-4 weeks earlier. Tips of branches hold two small spines.

 

Succulents
(thick, fleshy-leaved)

Adronischus several species are available, many uniquely different in shape and foliage color
Aeonium resembles the Sedum and Sempervirum groups in appearance, many grow into small trees with bare stems capped with spatula-shaped leaves
Agave the "Century" plants; most species grow too large to be recommended for houseplant use. Two recommended kinds: A. Stricta (Hedgehog Agave) and A. filifera (Thread Agave)
Aloe a member of the Liliaceae family (Lily). Several varieties are available; recommended: A. variegata (Partridge-breasted Aloe)
Cotyledon this group includes a large variety of distinctive forms and sizes
Crassula the "Jade" plants; the most common species is C. argentea of which several varieties are available
Dinteranthus the "Split-rock" succulents, closely resembling the Lithops
Echeveria popularly called "Hens and Chicks;" large number of species from which to choose
Euphorbia a large and diverse group of plants, easily identified by the milky latex sap which exudes when the stems of these plants are injured. Most noteworthy are: Crown of Thorns (E. splendens) and Candelabra Cactus (E. lactea). Most members of this genus, such as poinsettia (E. pulcherrima) are not considered "true" succulents.
Gasteria a group referred to as "Ox-tongue" cacti; many are similar to Aloe
Haworthia a large genus which features many curious forms of stemless rosetted succulents
Kalanchoe a large and diverse group featuring many seemingly unrelated plants; for example: Christmas kalanchoe (K. blossfeldiana), life or "Mother of Mary" plant (Bryophyllum or K. daigremontiana) and Panda plant (K. tomentosa)
Lithops the "Stone-faces" or "Living Stones;" these miniature succulents resemble small pepples or rock
Sedum the "Stone-crops" or "Live forever;" the most popular of this group are Burro-tail (S. morganianum) and Jelly-beans (S. pachyphyllum)
Sempervirum a small group of succulents, but very popular and easily grown. Recommended: House leek (S. tectorum calcareum)
Senecio the "Groundsels;" a varied group of herbaceous shrubs and small trees, a few succulent types may be grown as houseplants
Stapelia the "Star-flower" group noted for their floral display; three commonly available forms are: "Starflower" (S. nobilis), "Carrion flower" (S. variegata) and "Giant-toad" (S. gigantea)

 

Adapted from the Cornell Cooperative Extension, 2001


Pesticides are poisonous! Read and follow all safety precautions on labels. Handle carefully and store in original containers out of reach of children, pets or livestock. Dispose of empty containers immediately, in a safe manner and place. Pesticides should never be stored with foods or in areas where people eat.

When trade names are used for identification, no product endorsement is implied, nor is discrimination intended against similar materials. Be sure that the pesticide you intend to use is registered for the state of use.

The user of this information assumes all risk for personal injury or property damage.


For more information, call the URI CE Gardening and Food Safety Hotline at 1-800-448-1011 or (401)874-2929 from outside Rhode Island; Monday-Thursday between 9 am and 2 pm.

 

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