Bio 101 Study Guide For Final Exam December 14th 8-11am
The final exam will be
approximately ½ over material presented after exam 4 and ½ comprehensive – over
material covered during the remainder of the semester. Study guides 1-4 refer to all topics covered on
exams 1-4.
Organization of Animals (Chapter 41)
What are tissues?
What are the four basic
functional types of tissues found in animals?
What functions do
epithelial tissues serve? How is epithelial tissue
classified?
Describe the different
types of epithelial tissues in terms of their structure, function and location.
Describe the structure
and function of connective tissues and differentiate between the different
types of connective tissue.
Describe the structure
and function of muscle tissue. What are three types of muscle tissue and where is each found?
Describe the structure
and function of nervous tissue.
What are organs?
What is homeostasis?
What types of features
of the internal environment in organisms are regulated through homeostasis?
What is negative
feedback?
Excretory Systems of Animals (Chapter 42)
What major functions are
carried out by the excretory system?
How does the body fluid
of freshwater animals compare to that of marine animals?
What substances are
excreted via the excretory system of animals?
What types of animals
lack excretory systems and how do they excrete wastes and maintain ionic
balance?
Describe the flame
cell-type of excretory organs found in flatworms.
Describe the nephridia-type
of excretory organs found in segmented worms.
Describe the antenna
gland-type of excretory organs found in crustaceans.
Describe the Malphigian tubule-type of excretory organs found in insects.
Describe the structure
of the vertebrate kidney.
Describe the process of urine formation in the
vertebrate kidney (filtration, secretion, reabsorption).
Compare urine formation
among the major vertebrate groups.
Circulatory Systems of Animals (Chapter 44)
What functions are
accomplished by the circulatory system?
What types of
circulatory systems are found in animals?
How do animals that lack
circulatory systems function? What types of animals lack a circulatory system?
Describe the open
circulatory system found in some animals. Which animals have this type of circulatory
system?
Compare closed
circulatory systems with open systems of animals.
What types of animals
have closed circulatory systems?
What mechanisms help to
move blood through the circulatory system of animals?
Describe and compare the
type of hearts found in fishes, amphibians, birds and mammals.
What are hemoglobin, hemocyanin and myoglobin?
What is the pacemaker
found in animal hearts?
Describe and compare
arteries, veins and capillaries.
Describe the cellular
and plasma composition of blood.
What types of blood
cells are found in animals and what functions does each perform?
Gas Exchange in Animals (Respiratory
Systems) (Chapter 44)
What is the difference
between external and internal respiration?
How do gases move in the
process of gas exchange?
Describe gas exchange
across cells or skin of animals. In what animals are these types of systems found?
Describe the tracheal
and spiracle gas exchange system of insects.
Explain how gas exchange
occurs across the gills of fish.
Compare the lungs and
respiratory systems of amphibians, reptiles and birds.
Describe ventilation in
the lungs of mammals.
What are alveoli and how
is gas exchange in them accomplished?
Describe gas exchange in
the lungs. In the tissues. How is hemoglobin involved?
Describe the
relationship between the circulatory and respiratory systems of animals.
Reproductive Systems (Chapter 48)
What is reproduction?
Differentiate between
asexual and sexual reproduction in animals.
Why do most animals
reproduce sexually?
Give examples of asexual
reproduction found among animals.
What is parthenogenesis?
What are hermaphroditic
animals?
Explain sex reversal in
animals.
What kinds of
reproductive cycles are observed among animals?
What influences
reproductive cycles of animals?
Compare survival of
offspring among various types of reproduction within animals.
Give examples of
patterns of sexual reproduction observed among animals.