Bio 105/6 Practice Exam 1
September 28,
2011
This
practice exam is intended for you to check how well you have studied and to
give you an idea of the format of the actual exam. The questions on the actual exam will be
different than the questions in this practice exam. Students learn much more by finding answers
to questions that they cannot answer and the answers to this practice exam will
not be provided, but the answers to all questions can be found in the lecture
notes or your textbook.
Choose
the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1.
Biology
is relevant in the lives of:
a.
A
nurse c.
A journalist
b.
A
teacher d.
All of these because they are all alive
2.
Which
of the following statements about cells is true? A cell is _____.
a.
Only
found in multiples of two, because single cells cannot exist independently
b.
Always
between 200 and 500 micrometers in
diameter
c.
Characteristic
of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms
d.
Characteristic
of eukaryotic but not prokaryotic organisms
3.
A
large amount of energy is required to raise the temperature of water because of
the __.
a.
Bonds
formed between the hydrogens of two water molecules
b.
Bond
formed between the oxygen and a hydrogen of a single water molecule
c.
Hydrogen
bonds formed between the hydrogen of one water molecule and the oxygen of
another water molecule
d.
Covalent
bonds formed between the hydrogen of one water molecule and a solute molecule
4.
Which
of the following true statements can be attributed to the large amount of
energy input required to raise the temperature of water?
a.
Sugar
dissolves in hot tea faster than in iced tea.
b.
Ice
floats on water.
c.
Our
body temperature can take a long time to passively change because it is
composed mostly of water.
d.
Oil
and water do not mix well.
5.
In
comparison to eukaryotes, prokaryotes _____.
a.
Lack
any cell membranes c.
Are more structurally complex
b.
Are
larger d. Are smaller
6.
What
will happen to a red blood cell (RBC), which has an internal ion concentration
of about 30%, if it is placed into a beaker of pure water?
a.
The
cell would swell
b.
The
cell would shrink
c.
The
cell would shrink at first and then swell after equilibrium is reached
d.
Nothing.
7.
You’re
arguing with someone about whether a car is alive. Having taken Bio 105 you can easily make the
point that a car is not alive because no cars ever:
a.
Sense
their environment c.
Contain cells
b.
Store
information d. Use oxygen
8.
Individual
water molecules have the property of __________, which has important
ramifications in terms of characteristics of water that are important for the
existence of life.
a.
Hydrogen
bonds c. Polarity
b.
Specific
heat d.
Surface tension
9.
The
ability of water to act as a solvent for so many different types of molecules
results from the ability of individual water molecules to surround other
molecules and form bonds with them because of the _________ of individual water
molecules.
a. Hydrogen bonds c. Polarity
b. Specific heat d.
Surface tension
10. The carbon-based macromolecule
that forms the largest proportion of living things is:
a. Water b. Lipids c. Protein d. Nucleic
acids
11. Although we are
just beginning our study of energetics, we are
already familiar with the energy currency of ATP being used to do work in cells
in relation to:
a.
Evolution c. Formation
of hydrogen bonds in water
b.
Active
transport d.
Both b and c
12. Some substances
such as sodium are pumped across the cell membrane against a concentration
gradient. This is accomplished as a
result of:
a.
Use
of ATP to do work
b.
Diffusion
c.
Protein
carriers that move the ions without expending energy
d.
Facilitated
diffusion
13. An example of a
substance that will diffuse into or out of a cell across the cell membrane is:
a.
Oxygen b. CO2 c. H2O d. All of these
14. The
concentration of a small, nonpolar, water soluble
substance inside of a cell is greater than the concentration of this substance
outside of the cell. This substance will
exhibit a net movement:
a.
Of
zero since it is nonpolar and will not be able to
pass through the cell membrane
b.
Equal
in either direction
c.
Down
its concentration gradient and out of the cell
d.
Down
its concentration gradient and into the cell
15. The passage of
substances such as ___ across the cell membrane is prevented just by the fact
that the structure of cell membranes is dominated by phospholipids.
a.
Water b. Ca++ c. Oxygen d. CO2
16. Proteins in
biological systems _____.
a.
May
be high-energy intermediates (for example, ATP)
b.
Link
together to form the plasma membrane
c.
Store
genetic information
d.
May
be enzymes that catalyze reactions
17. Nucleic acids
are polymers made up of which of the following monomers?
a.
Amino
acids b. Nitrogenous bases c. Nucleotides d.
Sugars
18. Which of the
following is a property of liquid water?
a.
It
changes temperature with less energy input than that for most other substances.
b.
Its
density is less than ice.
c.
It
is nonpolar.
d.
It
changes from liquid to gas with more energy input than that for most other
substances.
19. The scientific
method starts with an observation. For
example, you commute to URI and you observe that your car won’t start one
morning and you are going to be late for class.
Using the scientific method your next step would be:
a.
Ask
for a ride to campus or call a taxi
b.
Hypothesize
that your car has no gas
c.
Conclude
that the battery is dead
d.
Any
of these
20. An initial test
of a hypothesis that you formed when your car wouldn’t start might be:
a.
Check
the battery cables
b.
Check
the fuel gage
c.
Call
a mechanic and ask him to check out your car
d.
Both
a or b
21. Further testing
of your hypothesis about your car not starting might be:
a.
Taking
the battery cables off, cleaning the terminals and reattaching the cables and
seeing if the car started
b.
Putting
5 gallons of gas in the car from a small gas tank that you keep for your lawn
mower and seeing if the car starts
c.
Seeing
if you can start the car by having your friend help you jump start the car with
jumper cables and your friends car
d.
Any
of these
22. If you were
successful in starting your car after putting 5 gallons of gas in the tank and
checking the battery cables you could correctly conclude:
a.
The
car was out of gas
b.
The
battery cables were not connected properly
c.
Both
a or b
d.
Neither
a or b
23. Which is true of
the scientific method?
a.
It
is easier to disprove something using the scientific method than to prove
something
b.
The
results of an observation, hypothesis and experiment are adequate to formulate
a theory
c.
Can
be applied to any observation that you make
d.
It
is used to explain natural events way too often
24. Why is carbon so
important in biology?
a.
It
has very little electronegativity, making it a good electron donor.
b.
It
is a common element on Earth.
c.
It
bonds to only a few other elements.
d.
It
forms up to four covalent bonds.
25. The cities of
Portland, Oregon, and Minneapolis, Minnesota, are at about the same latitude,
but Minneapolis has much hotter summers and much colder winters than Portland
does. Why? (Portland is near the Pacific Ocean; Minneapolis is near a number of
large lakes.)
a.
The
ocean is so large that it has a highly moderating influence on temperature.
b.
Oregon
is much nicer than Minnesota.
c.
Minneapolis
is much windier, due to its location in the middle of a continent.
d.
Freshwater
is more likely to freeze than salt water.
26. _____ atoms give
organic molecules their overall shape; _____ atoms determine the overall chemical
behavior of organic molecules.
a.
H,
N, and O/Carbon c. Carbon/H, N, and O
b.
Carbon/H2O d.
Hydrogen/C, N, and O
27. Which of the
following means of transport would most likely be used for moving a
medium-sized molecule (like a monosaccharide or an amino acid) from a low
concentration on the outside of a cell to a high concentration on the inside of
a cell?
a.
Facilitated
diffusion through a transporter protein
b.
Passive
transport
c.
Facilitated
diffusion through an ion channel protein
d.
Active
transport through a "pump" protein
28. Which of the
following is a difference between RNA and DNA?
a.
One
contains ribose sugar and the other contains a deoxyribose sugar.
b.
One
is made from nucleotide monomers and the other one is not.
c.
One
is typically single stranded and the other is typically triple stranded.
d.
One
is found in all cells and the other is not.
29. Lipids that form
membranes have what kind of structure?
a.
Polar
heads and nonpolar tails; the polar heads interact with water
b.
Completely
nonpolar, because they are lipids
c.
Polar
heads and nonpolar tails; the nonpolar tails interact with water
d.
Completely
polar, which allows them to dissolve in water
30. Which of the
following would you expect to cross lipid bilayers the fastest?
a.
A
large, polar molecule like glucose
b.
A
sodium ion (Na+)
c.
A
small, nonpolar molecule like oxygen (O2)
d.
A
small, polar molecule like chloride (Cl-)
31. How do
phospholipids interact with water molecules?
a.
The
polar heads avoid water; the nonpolar tails attract water (because water is polar and opposites attract).
b.
The
polar heads interact with water; the nonpolar tails do not.
c.
Phospholipids
don't interact with water because water is polar and
lipids are nonpolar.
d.
Phospholipids
dissolve in water.
32. Why is the
smooth endoplasmic reticulum unable to synthesize proteins?
a.
Because
it has no ribosomes
b.
Because
it has no DNA to direct synthesis of proteins
c.
Because
it stores calcium which is a known inhibitor of protein synthesis
d.
Because
there is no supply of free amino acids that it can easily access
33. Where are the
proteins that will be exported (excreted) from the cell made?
a.
In
free ribosomes
b.
In
ribosomes that attach to the outer mitochondrial membrane
c.
In
ribosomes that attach to the Golgi complex
d.
In
ribosomes that attach to the endoplasmic reticulum
34. Which one of the
following would you find in eukaryotes, but not in a prokaryote?
a.
A
mitochondrion c. RNA
b.
Proteins d. DNA
35. A single celled
organism living in a freshwater lake gets stuck to the foot of a bird that
flies to the ocean, lands on the water and sticks its feet in the sea. The fate of that cell:
a.
Would
be greatly influenced by osmosis
b.
Is
impossible to determine without more information
c.
Would
probably involve swelling as water moved from surrounding sea water into the
cell
d.
Both
b and c
36. Under what
circumstances does membrane transport always require energy?
a.
Whenever
molecules are moved that are too large to pass through the phospholipid bilayer
membrane.
b.
Whenever
a solute needs to be moved from low concentration to high concentration through
a phospholipid bilayer membrane.
c.
Whenever
a molecule is polar and is moved through a
phospholipid bilayer membrane.
d.
Whenever
a solute is charged, such as an ion, and is moved through a phospholipid
bilayer membrane.
37. Which of the
following statements represents a major difference between prokaryotic cells
and eukaryotic cells?
a.
Eukaryotes
are not able to carry out aerobic respiration, a process that requires a
complex inner-membrane system.
b.
Prokaryotes
have cells while eukaryotes do not.
c.
Eukaryotic
cells have larger numbers of intracellular organelles than prokaryotes.
d.
Prokaryotes
are generally larger in size than eukaryotes.
38. You have a
distant cousin, age 4, who is always tired and fatigued and is not able to play
games and sports like other healthy children. He most likely has an enzyme
deficiency or defect associated with which intracellular organelle?
a.
Golgi
apparatus b. Lysosomes c. Ribosomes d. Mitochondria
39. Because of the
relatively large amount of energy required to break bonds between water
molecules:
a.
Water
changes temperature slowly
b.
Temperatures
of cells and bodies of organisms are stable
c.
The
temperature of the entire earth is moderated
d.
All
of these
40. Cells are the
basic unit of life in terms of:
a.
All
cells arise from pre-existing cells
b.
All
organisms are multicellular
c.
All
cells contain DNA enclosed in a nucleus
d.
All
of these
41. Evolution is so
pervasive in biology because:
a.
It
really isn’t that pervasive in biology other than the study of evolution
b.
Every
organism is constantly evolving
c.
Although
populations do not evolve, individuals within those populations do.
d.
Organisms
and the processes that occur within them result from the evolutionary history
of the organism
42. The first half
of this course is devoted to the study of processes that occur in all living
things and that all occur at and will be studied at the level of the:
a.
Chromosome b. Cell c.
Organism d. Organ
43. At least a
fundamental understanding of biological chemistry is important in this course
because:
a.
Thousands
of biochemical reactions occur within cells every minute
b.
We
will spend considerable time studying proteins
c.
We
will spend considerable time studying nucleic acids
d.
All
of these
44. The structure of
____ is characterized by a 9+2 arrangement of protein filaments.
a.
Nuclei b.
Flagella c.
Mitochondria d. Cell membranes
45. Your other
distant cousin has a genetic disorder related to the inability of your cousin’s
cells to synthesize a protein. Of the
organelles listed here, which is likely the site where the problem arises in
your cousin’s cells?
a.
Mitochondria b. Ribosomes c.
Plastids d. Golgi bodies
46. Proteins consist
of repeating subunits of:
a.
Amino
acids b. Nitrogenous
bases c. Sugars d. Nucleotides
47. An organelle
absent from animal cells is:
a.
Lysosomes b. Peroxisomes c.
Plastids d. Golgi bodies
48. Which is true of biological
macromolecules?
a. Most organisms only contain 1 or
2 types
b. They are present in roughly the
same proportions in most organisms
c. They consist of repeating
subunits or monomers
d. Both b & c
49. Arguably the
most abundant organic molecule on the face of the earth is:
a.
Glucose b.
Glycogen c. Starch d. Cellulose
50. Cellulose
consists of repeating subunits of:
a.
Glucose b.
Glycogen c. Starch d. Cells